################################################################################ # MiKaDo ⇄ situated-observation (so:) Alignment Bridge # # Bridge file aligning the MiKaDo pivot ontology # `mko:` # with the historical `situated-observation` operational vocabulary # `so:` # emitted by the dür.air iPad engine and declared in `mikado-schema.ttl`. # # Conceptual posture # ------------------ # MiKaDo is published as a *two-layer* ontology: # # • the **pivot layer** (`mko:`) is deliberately minimal — it declares # the seven pivot classes (MaterialEntity, DigitalEntity, # KnowledgeEntity, ObservedFeature, DerivedFeature, Activity, # Documentation/GraphSnapshot) plus the sub-classes that are # structurally constitutive of the model (the four bucket axes that # organise the reflexive reading of `DerivedFeature`, the three # scales that orchestrate the activity domain, the FieldValue # reification of template-field couples). The pivot layer is the # stable, citable, versioned conceptual artefact; # # • the **operational layer** (`so:`) is the typology of leaf classes # that an emitting engine instantiates at runtime — dür.air today, # other engines tomorrow. It declares the fine sub-classes of # DigitalEntity (CaptureFrame, AnnotationShape, VoiceRecording, …), # KnowledgeEntity (DiscursiveKnowledgeEntity, AnnotationClass, # AnnotationDescriptionTemplate, …), DerivedFeature # (GeometricDescriptorSnapshot, ProvenanceRecord, DerivationTrace, # LineageRecord, QualityScore, …) and the W7 documentation sub-forms. # # This bridge file makes the two layers formally interoperable: # • each `so:` pivot is declared `owl:equivalentClass` to its `mko:` # counterpart (clean OWL alignment for reasoners); # • each `so:` leaf class is *also* declared `rdfs:subClassOf` its # `mko:` pivot (so that RDFS-only consumers — Comunica without # reasoning, simple SPARQL stores — see the alignment directly, # without an OWL inference step). # # Convention # ---------- # - `owl:equivalentClass` between corresponding pivot classes. # - `rdfs:subClassOf` from each `so:` leaf class to its `mko:` pivot # (and from each `so:` activity sub-class to its `mko:` scale). # - Bucket renamings (`so:GeometricBucket ≡ mko:MorphologyBucket`, # `so:VisualBucket ≡ mko:AppearanceBucket`) are declared as # `owl:equivalentClass`, reflecting a deliberate terminological # refinement at the pivot layer (separating "place" from "shape" and # making "appearance" explicit). # # Version : 0.1.0 (initial publication, May 2026). # License : CC-BY 4.0 ################################################################################ @prefix mko: . @prefix so: . @prefix prov: . @prefix rdfs: . @prefix owl: . @prefix dct: . @prefix foaf: . @prefix schema: . @prefix skos: . @prefix xsd: . @prefix vann: . @base . ################################################################################ # 0. Bridge metadata ################################################################################ <#> a owl:Ontology ; dct:title "MiKaDo ⇄ situated-observation Alignment Bridge"@en ; dct:description """Formal alignment between the MiKaDo pivot ontology (mko:) and the historical situated-observation vocabulary (so:) emitted by the dür.air iPad engine. The two layers are interoperable: each so: pivot is declared owl:equivalentClass to its mko: counterpart, and each so: leaf class is also declared rdfs:subClassOf its mko: pivot for RDFS-only consumers. Bucket renamings (Geometric→Morphology, Visual→Appearance) are reflected as owl:equivalentClass."""@en ; dct:creator , , ; dct:publisher [ a foaf:Organization ; foaf:name "MAP — UPR 2002 CNRS" ; foaf:homepage ] ; dct:rightsHolder "CNRS" ; schema:funder [ a schema:Organization ; schema:name "European Research Council" ; schema:alternateName "n-Dame_Heritage" ; schema:identifier "101055423" ] ; dct:created "2026-05-05"^^xsd:date ; owl:versionInfo "0.1.0" ; owl:versionIRI ; vann:preferredNamespacePrefix "mko-so" ; rdfs:seeAlso , ; dct:license . a foaf:Person ; foaf:name "Livio De Luca" ; foaf:mbox . a foaf:Person ; foaf:name "Anthony Pamart" . a foaf:Person ; foaf:name "Quentin Vogel" . ################################################################################ # 1. Pivot equivalences (so: ↔ mko:) # # The same conceptual pivot is declared in both vocabularies; we make the # correspondence explicit so that an OWL-aware consumer treats them as # interchangeable. ################################################################################ so:MaterialEntity owl:equivalentClass mko:MaterialEntity . so:DigitalEntity owl:equivalentClass mko:DigitalEntity . so:KnowledgeEntity owl:equivalentClass mko:KnowledgeEntity . so:ObservedFeature owl:equivalentClass mko:ObservedFeature . so:DerivedFeature owl:equivalentClass mko:DerivedFeature . so:GraphSnapshot owl:equivalentClass mko:GraphSnapshot . so:W7_Documentation owl:equivalentClass mko:Documentation . # The historical so:MIKADOFeature root (TBox-only refinement covering both # Observed and Derived facets) corresponds, at the pivot layer, to the # union of the two pivots. Declared as a closeMatch — there is no # corresponding union class in mko:. so:MIKADOFeature skos:closeMatch mko:ObservedFeature , mko:DerivedFeature . ################################################################################ # 2. Bucket alignments (terminological refinements) # # `mko:` reorganises the four bucket axes around the conceptual distinction # between *place* (Spatial), *shape* (Morphology, formerly "Geometric"), # *appearance* (Appearance, formerly "Visual") and *meaning* (Semantic). # The renamings reflect a desire not to confuse "where" with "what shape". ################################################################################ so:SpatialBucket owl:equivalentClass mko:SpatialBucket . so:SemanticBucket owl:equivalentClass mko:SemanticBucket . so:GeometricBucket owl:equivalentClass mko:MorphologyBucket . so:VisualBucket owl:equivalentClass mko:AppearanceBucket . ################################################################################ # 3. Activity hierarchy alignments (so: → mko: scales) # # `so:` declares concrete activity classes at the operational level # (programme, session, in-situ act, ex-situ act). They subsume into the # three orthogonal scales of `mko:` (macro / meso / micro). ################################################################################ so:ObservationProgram rdfs:subClassOf mko:MacroActivity . so:InSituObservation rdfs:subClassOf mko:Activity . so:InSituObservationSession rdfs:subClassOf mko:MesoActivity . so:InSituObservationAct rdfs:subClassOf mko:MicroActivity . so:ExSituObservation rdfs:subClassOf mko:Activity . so:ExSituObservationAct rdfs:subClassOf mko:MicroActivity . ################################################################################ # 4. Explicit RDFS leaf alignments (for RDFS-only consumers) # # In OWL these alignments are entailed by the pivot equivalences of # Section 1 (since each so: leaf is rdfs:subClassOf its so: pivot in # mikado-schema.ttl, and each so: pivot is owl:equivalentClass its mko: # pivot here). We restate them explicitly so that consumers running an # RDFS-only entailment regime — Comunica without reasoning, plain SPARQL # stores, lightweight clients — see the alignment without invoking an # OWL reasoner. ################################################################################ # --- so:DigitalEntity sub-classes ------------------------------------- so:CaptureFrame rdfs:subClassOf mko:DigitalEntity . so:VoiceRecording rdfs:subClassOf mko:DigitalEntity . so:AnnotationShape rdfs:subClassOf mko:DigitalEntity . so:PointAnnotationShape rdfs:subClassOf mko:DigitalEntity . so:RegionAttachment rdfs:subClassOf mko:DigitalEntity . so:SessionPointCloud rdfs:subClassOf mko:DigitalEntity . so:PhotogrammetryReconstruction rdfs:subClassOf mko:DigitalEntity . # --- so:KnowledgeEntity sub-classes ----------------------------------- so:DiscursiveKnowledgeEntity rdfs:subClassOf mko:KnowledgeEntity . so:MetrologicalKnowledgeEntity rdfs:subClassOf mko:KnowledgeEntity . so:DerivedKnowledgeEntity rdfs:subClassOf mko:KnowledgeEntity . # historical, owl:deprecated true in mikado-schema so:AnnotationClass rdfs:subClassOf mko:KnowledgeEntity . so:AnnotationTitle rdfs:subClassOf mko:KnowledgeEntity . so:AnnotationDescription rdfs:subClassOf mko:KnowledgeEntity . so:AnnotationDescriptionTemplate rdfs:subClassOf mko:KnowledgeEntity . so:TemplateFieldSlot rdfs:subClassOf mko:KnowledgeEntity . so:TemplateFieldValue rdfs:subClassOf mko:KnowledgeEntity , mko:FieldValue . so:QuantitativeMeasurement rdfs:subClassOf mko:KnowledgeEntity . # --- so:DerivedFeature sub-classes ------------------------------------ so:GeometricDescriptorSnapshot rdfs:subClassOf mko:DerivedFeature . so:VisualDescriptorSnapshot rdfs:subClassOf mko:DerivedFeature . so:StatisticalProfile rdfs:subClassOf mko:DerivedFeature . so:CoverageMatrix rdfs:subClassOf mko:DerivedFeature . so:CoverageDimension rdfs:subClassOf mko:DerivedFeature . so:SpatialCoverage rdfs:subClassOf mko:DerivedFeature . so:ComparativeReport rdfs:subClassOf mko:DerivedFeature . so:ComparisonItem rdfs:subClassOf mko:DerivedFeature . so:ProvenanceRecord rdfs:subClassOf mko:DerivedFeature . so:DerivationTrace rdfs:subClassOf mko:DerivedFeature . so:LineageRecord rdfs:subClassOf mko:DerivedFeature . so:QualityScore rdfs:subClassOf mko:DerivedFeature . # --- W7 documentation sub-forms --------------------------------------- so:W7_Subform rdfs:subClassOf mko:Documentation . so:W7_Who rdfs:subClassOf mko:Documentation . so:W7_Why rdfs:subClassOf mko:Documentation . so:W7_What rdfs:subClassOf mko:Documentation . so:W7_Where rdfs:subClassOf mko:Documentation . so:W7_When rdfs:subClassOf mko:Documentation . so:W7_How rdfs:subClassOf mko:Documentation . so:W7_WithWhat rdfs:subClassOf mko:Documentation . so:W7_Why_ResearchProject rdfs:subClassOf mko:Documentation . so:W7_What_MaterialObject rdfs:subClassOf mko:Documentation . so:W7_What_Inventory rdfs:subClassOf mko:Documentation . so:W7_Where_Patrimonial rdfs:subClassOf mko:Documentation . so:W7_Where_Enquiry rdfs:subClassOf mko:Documentation . so:W7_How_AcquisitionProtocol rdfs:subClassOf mko:Documentation . so:W7_How_SemanticData rdfs:subClassOf mko:Documentation . so:W7_WithWhat_Instrumentation rdfs:subClassOf mko:Documentation . ################################################################################ # 5. Notes on usage ################################################################################ # - This bridge file is distributed alongside `ontology/mikado.ttl` # and `mikado-schema.ttl`. Consumers that wish to reason across both # layers should load the three files together. Consumers that operate # on a single layer can ignore the bridge. # - The dür.air export engine emits each ABox node with multiple # rdf:types, typically combining the `so:` leaf type and its # `mko:` pivot in addition to the polyglot multi-typing (PROV-O, # CIDOC CRM, schema.org). The bridge is therefore *redundant* with the # ABox-level multi-typing for graphs produced by the dür.air engine, # but it is *necessary* for any consumer that receives a graph emitted # by a different engine (or by an older dür.air version) and wants to # query at the `mko:` pivot level only. ################################################################################